Depth maps have been used in computing to solve many practical problems. Security and surveillance systems, tracking trajectories, 3D scanning, autonomous robotic navigation, cinema, forest inventory and mobility are areas which have used solutions based on production of depth maps. This article aims to discuss the approaches used in these productions, pointing limitations and applications with respect to each of the investigated approaches. This paper provides a comprehensive literature review on depth maps, contextualizes the subject, identifies challenges and indicates three approaches to build them, with discussion of each one. Some key questions guided the work organization: ‘Why do we estimate depth?’ ‘How can we produce it?’ and ‘Where/When can we use it?’ This triad directed our research and a result points to a demanding field of study, but, at the same time, a stimulating work.
Text in Portuguese, with English title and abstract.